Neonatal-perinatal medicine is the subspecialty of pediatrics that involves the diagnosis and treatment of high-risk newborns. Neonatologists, the practitioners of neonatal-perinatal medicine, are trained to identify high-risk pregnancies and are familiar with the methods used to evaluate fetal...
Thoracic surgery is the medical specialty that involves the operative, perioperative, and critical care of patients with pathologic conditions within the chest. This includes surgical care of coronary artery disease; diseases of the trachea, lung, esophagus, and chest wall; abnormalities of the...
Surgical critical care is a subspecialty of surgery that manages complex surgical and medical problems in critically ill surgical patients. The education of surgeons in the practice of surgical critical care encompasses didactic instruction in the basic and clinical sciences of surgical diseases...
Medical toxicology is a clinical subspecialty that focuses on the prevention, evaluation, treatment, and monitoring of injury and illness from exposures to drugs and chemicals, as well as biological and radiological agents. Medical toxicologists treat people for toxic...
Hand surgery is a surgical subspecialty focused on congenital and acquired defects of the hand and wrist that compromise the function of the hand. Many hand surgeons are also experts in diagnosing and caring for shoulder and elbow problems. Hand surgeons—generally orthopedic, plastic, or general...
Internal medicine is a specialty that involves the study and practice of health promotion, disease prevention, diagnosis, care, and treatment of men and women, while healthy and through acute and chronic illnesses. Internists mainly practice adult medicine and have received training that...
Sports medicine is a multidisciplinary subspecialty that focuses on the prevention, evaluation, diagnosis, and nonsurgical treatment of athletes and other physically active individuals. Generally, sports medicine physicians, also called sports medicine specialists, diagnose and provide...
Infectious disease is a subspecialty of internal medicine that involves the diagnosis, management, and prevention of infections in patients of all ages. Infectious disease physicians diagnose and treat diseases of all types in all organ systems. These diseases result from infections, including...
Sleep medicine entails having expertise in the diagnosis and management of sleep-related clinical conditions, including circadian rhythm disorders. This subspecialty includes the clinical assessment, polysomnographic evaluation, and treatment of sleep disorders, including insomnias, disorders of...
Undersea and hyperbaric medicine is a unique subspecialty of emergency medicine that involves the therapeutic use of oxygen under pressure to treat disease. The Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society defines hyperbaric oxygen treatment as an intervention in which an individual breathes near-100...
