Pediatric orthopedic surgeons treat and provide consultation of medical, surgical, and preventive care for patients age 16 and younger with musculoskeletal disorders, diseases, and injuries. This includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. ...
Cardiovascular disease, or cardiology, is the subspecialty of internal medicine that focuses on finding, treating, and preventing diseases of the heart and blood vessels—also known as the cardiovascular system. Cardiologists manage complex cardiac conditions such as heart attacks and abnormal...
Cardiovascular surgery, also known as cardiac surgery, is often considered a subspecialty of thoracic surgery. It involves surgical interventions to treat and repair defects and diseases of the heart and its associated blood vessels. The ability to establish an exact diagnosis must be based on a...
A pediatric dermatologist specializes in diagnosing and treating children, including newborns and infants, who have diseases that affect the skin, hair, or nails. Such conditions affect children differently than they affect adults, and certain skin diseases occur more commonly or even...
Pediatric ophthalmologists care for infants, children, and young adults with ocular and visual disorders, including those of the eye and its component structures, the eyelids, the orbit, and the visual pathways. They may order diagnostic studies and procedures, perform surgical and nonsurgical...
Endocrinology is the subspecialty of internal medicine and pediatrics concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and investigation of disorders of the endocrine or ductless glands and other metabolic systems. The endocrine system includes the hypothalamus, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal...
Pediatric surgery is a subspecialty of general surgery that focuses on providing surgical care for patients under 18 years of age. Pediatric surgeons are primarily concerned with the diagnosis, preoperative, operative, and postoperative management of surgical problems in children. Some medical...
The subspecialty of adolescent medicine focuses on the unique physical, psychological, and social characteristics of adolescents (patients age 10 to 25) and their healthcare needs and problems. Adolescent medicine physicians can provide either primary or specialty care for patients. When they...
Psychiatrists specialize in the detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental, emotional, and addiction disorders. Because modern psychiatry recognizes the relationship between mind and body, psychiatrists are uniquely qualified to consider the many causes of a patient’s feelings and...
Pediatric infectious disease physicians care for children and adolescents, including newborns and infants, with acute and chronic infectious or suspected infectious or immunologic diseases, underlying diseases that predispose to unusual or severe infections, unclear...
