The term intravenous (IV) sedation is used to describe the type of anesthesia resulting in the loss of protective reflexes of the patient, but not in unconciousness as with general anesthesia. The purpose of IV sedation is to relax, not to completely anesthetize a patient.

Vascular ultrasound is a noninvasive procedure used to diagnose and locate disorders of the vascular system. Widespread practical application of ultrasonography began in the 1960s. Neurosonography; echocardiography; obstetrical, gynecological, and ophthalmologic ultrasound are additional...

The indications for amputation of part or all of an extremity include: trauma that is beyond repair; tumor of the bone, soft tissue, muscles, blood vessels, or nerves; extensive infection that does not respond to treatment or contributes to septicemia; and a variety of vascular diseases....

Discography is an invasive radiographic technique that uses the injection of contrast media to visualize intervertebral disk space. Developed in Sweden in 1948, it soon became widely used to diagnose such diseases or conditions as lumbar degenerative disease, disc herniation, disc protrusion,...

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